Everything about The Act Of Security 1704 totally explained
The
Act of Security 1704 (also referred to as the
Act for the Security of the Kingdom) was a response by the
Parliament of Scotland to the
Parliament of England's
Act of Settlement 1701. Queen
Anne's last surviving child,
William, Duke of Gloucester had died in
1700, and both parliaments needed to find a
Protestant successor. The English Parliament had settled on Electress
Sophia of Hanover, granddaughter of King
James VI of Scotland, without consulting the Scottish Parliament.
The response of the Scottish Parliament was to pass a bill in
1703 requiring that, on the death of Queen Anne without issue, the three Estates of the Parliament were to appoint a Protestant successor from the descendants of the Scottish kings, but not the English successor unless various economic, political and religious conditions were met. The bill was refused
Royal Assent by the
Lord High Commissioner to the Parliament of Scotland.
The following year,
1704, the bill became an Act after the Scottish Parliament refused to raise taxes and sought to withdraw troops from the
Duke of Marlborough's army in the
War of the Spanish Succession unless Royal Assent was given.
The English Parliament retaliated with the 1705
Alien Act, threatening to cut
trade and free movement between the two countries, unless negotiations opened leading either to the repeal of the
Act of Security, or (as in the event happened) to the
Act of Union in 1707. The end result was the Union of
England and
Scotland into the
Kingdom of Great Britain, approximately one hundred years after the
Union of the Crowns.
Although deemed void by the Act of Union, the
Parliament of Great Britain passed an Act (
Repeal of Certain Scotch Acts 1707 6 Ann. c. 32) explicitly repealing this Act together with the
Act anent Peace and War.
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